A fresh set of 20 random questions is generated every time you open this page and every time you refresh it.For each of the following multiple choice questions, choose the most appropriate answer :
1. Which of the following modes of transport across the cell membrane is quantitatively more important for flux of ions?
A. Diffusion
B. Filtration
C. Vesicular transport
D. None of these
2. The force of muscle contraction cannot be increased by:
A. increasing the frequency of activation of motor units
B. increasing the number of motor units activated
C. recruiting larger motor units
D. increasing the amplitude of action potentials in motor neurons
3. Delta waves (0.5-4 Hz) are seen in:
A. stage 1 sleep
B. stage 4 sleep
C. an awake adult with eyes open
D. an awake adult with eyes closed
4. Which of the following increases insulin / glucagon molar ratio the most?
A. A large carbohydrate meal
B. Intravenous glucose
C. Overnight fast
D. A small protein meal
5. Which of the following hormone(s) is/are normally released by the stomach into the systemic circulation?
A. Ghrelin
B. Gastrin
C. Pepsinogen
D. Secretin
6. Which of the following events in postsynaptic neuronal membrane underlie excitatory postsynaptic potentials?
A. Opening of Na channels
B. Closure of K channels
C. Opening of calcium channels
D. All these
7. Active sites on the actin become available for binding when
A. Actin binds to troponin.
B. Troponin binds to tropomyosin.
C. Calcium binds to troponin.
D. Calcium binds to tropomyosin.
8. Which of the following is most sensitive to light?
A. Rods
B. Cones maximally sensitive to light at 440 nm
C. Cones maximally sensitive to light at 535 nm
D. Cones maximally sensitive to light at 565 nm
9. Growth hormone stimulates the secretion of:
A. somatostatin
B. somatomedin (IGF-1)
C. Neither A nor B
D. Both A and B
10. The term "brain of the gut" is used to refer to the:
A. autonomic ganglia
B. enteric nervous system
C. migratory motor complex
D. interstitial cells of Cajal
11. The pattern of electrical and motor activity in the gastrointestinal tract during periods of fasting is called:
A. basic electrical rhythm
B. migrating motor complex
C. peristalsis
D. segmentation
12. 25. Which of the following is not seen in humans:
A. Estrous cycle
B. Menstrual cycle
C. Endometrial cycle
D. Ovarian cycle
13. Which of the following is / are active transport processes? (Select all correct answers).
A. Extrusion of calcium into ECF
B. Efflux of K during repolarization
C. Entry of chloride into neurons
D. Phagocytosis
14. Which one of the following statements about electrotonic potentials is incorrect?
A. They are graded responses.
B. They are local (non-propagated) responses.
C. They may be depolarizing or hyperpolarizing.
D. They are produced by a threshold stimulus.
15. The left atrial v wave is larger than wave in comparison to right atrium because
A. Left side is high pressure system
B. Left atrium is more compliant
C. Left atrium is compressed posteriorly by pulmonary veins
D. Right atrial pressure is transmitted into the pulmonary circulation
16. The force of skeletal muscle contraction is sensed by:
A. nuclear bag fiber
B. nuclear chain fiber
C. Golgi tendon organ
D. All these
17. Which of the following has an inhibitory influence on erythropoiesis?
A. Cortisol
B. Growth hormone
C. Estradiol
D. Thyroxine
18. How would blocking the activity of acetylcholinesterase affect skeletal muscle?
A. It would make the muscles less excitable.
B. It would produce muscle weakness.
C. It would cause spastic paralysis (muscles are contracted and unable to relax).
D. It would cause flaccid paralysis (muscles are relaxed and unable to contract).
19. Which of the following states does a predominance of beta waveforms in an electroencephalogram suggest?
A. Deep anesthesia
B. Surgical anesthesia
C. Light anesthesia, eyes closed, relaxed
D. Awake, alert state
20. Insulin sensitivity is not reduced in:
A. glucagon-secreting tumors
B. tumors of adrenal medulla
C. tumors of adrenal cortex
D. hypopituitarism
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